DANGER OF YELLOW FEVER
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YELLOW FEVER: SYMPTOMS, CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS,TREATMENT,PREVENTION
The virus is transmitted by mosquitos, mainly the Aedes and Haemogogus species.
It is most likely to occur in tropical and subtropical parts of South America, parts of the Caribbean, and Africa. It rarely affects American travelers.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that in 2013, there were between
An outbreak is currently underway in Brazil, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has in place a level 2 alert for travelers.
Facts
- Diagnosed by medical professional
- Requires lab test or imaging
- Can last several days or weeks
- Usually preventable by vaccine
- Transmitted through indirect contact
- Can be dangerous or life threatening if untreated
- Urgent medical attention recommended
- Treatments can help manage condition, no known cure
Know More
There are 2 stages to the disease an acute phase and a toxic phase.
Symptoms
Acute Phase - This is the initial stage of the infection with symptoms of ;
Fever
Headache
Muscle aches
Sensitivity to light
Nausea, vomiting or both
Loss of appetite
Dizziness
Toxic phase
After 3-4 days of acute phase, the symptoms disappear and most of the cases recover at this stage. Toxic phase is when the symptoms recur after a day or two. During the toxic phase, symptoms are more-severe and life-threatening, these can include:
Yellowing of the eyes (jaundice) and skin
Stomach ache and vomiting
Reduced urination
Slow heart rate
Liver and kidney failure
Seizures
Causes
Yellow fever spreads through bites by flavivirus infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes. These mosquitoes breed in tropical forests, still water and in humid weather.
The risk factors include:
People living in areas populated by infected mosquitoes
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves physical examination, recent travel activity and a blood test to confirm the infection.
Reverse transcriptase polymerized chain reaction test, which detects the virus.
A blood sample is used to grow the virus in the lab and identify if it is the yellow fever virus.
In which the antiviral antibodies are detected.
Treatments
The treatment for yellow fever is generally supportive care as there is no antiviral drug available for flavivirus. In severe cases, hospitalization is required to administer fluids, manage blood pressure, to replace blood in case of blood loss and such managements of the condition.
Prevention
Get vaccinated before travelling to infection prone areas like Africa or South America
Get protection from mosquito bites by applying mosquito repellents
Clear stagnant water
Questions To Ask Your Doctor
How to manage the condition after infection?
How long should I be careful after the recovery from the acute stage?
Is there any long term complication from yellow fever?
Nutrition
Foods to eat:
Easy to digest liquid food
Fruits and boiled vegetables
Add lemon in your diet
Drink plenty of water
Foods to avoid:
Fried foods
Spicy foods
Heavy meats
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